Page 160-165

civil war: conflict between groups within the same country
Julius Caesar: A military leader named Julius Caesar joined forces with Crassus, a wealthy Roman, and Pompey, a popular general.
triumvirate: group of three rulers
augustus: "exalted one" who ruled Rome
Pax Romana: For 207 years, peace was throughout the empire, except for some fighting with tribes along the borders. This period of peace meant “Roman peace.”

3. The fall of the Roman Republic was due to discontent among lower classes and a breakdown of the military order/power.
4. Romans were able to control such a large empire because they had a very good and working government system and they had able rulers that knew how to fight and control.
5. To control Rome, officials tried to provide free games, races, mock battles, and gladiator contests.

Questions on pg 159

republic- a form of government in which power rests with citizens who have rights to vote for leaders
patrician- wealthy landowners with most of the power
plebian-common farmers, artisans, and merchants who made up the majority of the population
tribune-the plebians own assembly
consul-two officials of Rome, like kings
senate-aristocratic branch of Rome's government
dictator- a leader who had absolute power to make laws and command the army
legion- large military units
punic wars- series of many wars between Rome and Carthage
hannibal- Carthage general

3. Two limits were: the consuls time to rule was limited to a year and could not be relected until ten years have passed. Also, one consul could veto the other's decision
4. Twelve tables helped establish a better governement and fairness to the plebians. The idea that all free citizens had a right of protection of law was established
5. Instead of a head-on attack, Hannibal moved his army from Spain, across France, and through the alps.

Page 152-159

Main ideas:

• power and authority: Rome began as a republic than switched to emperors and expanded the empire 
• empire building: Roman empire touched three continents: europe, asia, and africa bringing prosperity and peace till the empire's collapse
• religious and ethical systems: Christianity became popular and spread through Rome and beyond

Timeline: 

• 509 B.C- rome becomes a republic 
• 264 B.C- first punic war begins 
• 218 B.C- hannibal invades italy 
• 202 bc- han dynasty takes power in china 
• 31 bc- octavian defeats antony and cleopatra 
• 100 ad- moche culture arises in south america 
• 284 ad- Diocletian becomes emperor of rome 
• 476 ad- western roman empire falls

Notes on pg 155-159:

• Romulus and Remus were said to have founded Rome in 753 bc
• the spot of rome was chosen for location and fertile soil 
• from 1000bc- 500 bc greeks, latins, and etruscans settled in the location of rome influencing all of rome 
• republic: power rests with citizens who vote for their leaders 
• all citizens who owned land were forced to serve in the army 
• legions: roman military units 
• by 265bc rome conquered nearly all of italy 
• Rome used the Mediterranean to trade wine and olive oil 
• between 264-146 bc rome and carthage fought 3 wars called the punic wars 
• hannibal ruled carthage 
• scipio of rome defeated carthage and set the city into flames 
• the romans got so much power and land 

Last Day with Mr Shick

Today in class it was the last day before mr shick would be gone for 2 weeks because of surgery. he told us what we needed to do for the next two weeks when he wasn’t there. today we just took notes about Rome which is the next chapter we’re learning. we heard this crazy story about the way rome decided to get rid of kings. the people basically revolted and didn’t wanna risk having more bad kings so they switched to a democracy.

first day back

We got our tests back and i got an 88. i did pretty well on the multiple choice part of the test. the essay part of the test was kinda hard for me but i got 16/20. this one essay was doubled because i was sick and was not there for the other essay. then we learned that mr schick was going to be gone for 2 weeks because of surgery. he told us what we would be doing in class

test day

in class we had a test on ancient greece. most of the class i was not feeling good so i was having a really hard time taking the test. the multiple choice was not super hard but there was some i didn’t know. i wasn’t in class for the allegory of the cave which was one of the tests questions for an essay. the other essay was about pericles and i didn’t remember it all and it was worth twice for me. i had no way to review any of the information cause i was sick so i didn’t remember that from the beginning of the chapters. it was also annoying cause we literally read from a textbook and took a test which i think is unfair.

sick day again

i was sick again.

Sick

I missed class because I was sick

Textbook section 5

today in class we finished reading the chapter in our textbooks and answered questions:
hellenistic: a blend of egypt, persia, india, and greek culture
alexandria: the center of of the civilization
euclid: highly respected mathematician
archimedes: scientist who did many things including finding the value of pi
colossus of rhodes: largest hellenistic statue that was one of the seven ancient wonders

3) trade helped make the city of alexandria even more diverse with different cultures infused in it
4) euclid made a book of geometry text and was highly regarded. his most best book was the “elements” which contained 465 geometry prepositions and proofs.
5) both terms looked for peace and harmony in the soul and body

Sub Day

today in class we had a substitute teacher. we took notes in the textbook on pages 142-145. then we answered questions:
1)
philip: the king of Macedonia in 359 BC; he organized an army with a phalanxes formation and calvary
macedonia: located north of Greece; rough terrain and cold
alexander the great: son of philip who carried out all his plans and conquered persian empire
darius III: attempted to attack alexander’s army but lost and fled. he offered a truce but alexander did not take it and darius got defeated
3) Philip II was able to conquer Greece at the battle of Chaerona because Greece could not unite and make a decision to fight against them or unite
4) Alexander was ambitious and had an unstoppable army so he decided to continue to conquer the persian empire
5) his empire was split among three leaders in the areas of egypt, most of the old persian empire and greek city states

Pop quiz

today in class, we had a pop quiz and i was not happy about it. I had read the chapter and taken notes on it but i had just learned it and it was not super fresh in my mind. I think i got a 5/7 on it which is pretty good but it is the first grade of the quarter which gives me a 71. I am not happy with this and i am mad we had a pop quiz before even having the material for more than a day. Now we are going more in depth about the topics we just had a quiz on which does not make sense to me either.

workbook day

Today in class we read the workbook and took notes on page 134-139. Also, we answered questions 1-4 at the end.

1. Explain: 
1. direct democracy was used in Greece until people started to question it
2. classical art was big in Greece, especially plays; comedies and tragedies
3. a tragedy is a play with a tragic hero that would usually have a tragic flaw 
4. comedy is play infused with crude humor 
5. the Peloponnesian war was Athens strong navy vs Spartans strong army ending in a truce 
6. a philosopher means a lover of wisdom who analyzes the world 
7. socrates encouraged Athens to think deeper about life 
8. plato a student of Socrates who thought citizens should fall into 3 groups: farmers, artisans, and warriors
9. aristotle questioned the nature of the world and human belief 
2. I think pericles's most important goal was to hold and strengthen Athens because of the constant battle in ancient Greece at the time. 
3. he increased the number of payed public officials. also, he introduced direct democracy 
4. they wanted to wait to attack sparta with their ships because their navy was stronger than spartans navy 
5. it was against their usual beliefs and they thought it was a sin to go against what the gods told them. 

Third Day of Presentations

Today in class, the last of the groups presented their projects. The first group did a video kind of similar to ours displaying a day of a kid moving through a day in the life of a spartan. I think they did a good job expressing the importance of the military in Sparta and the stress on training. The next group did a powerpoint with a chance to be part of a democracy. I thought this was very creative and very well represented. This was my favorite project and I thought it was a really good idea. The last group I did not like that much because they showed a video online that was not even theirs and presented a powerpoint but it was boring. Also, I felt like they did not really have a project.